Lopes LR, Aung N, van Duijvenboden S, et al. - Researchers focused on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) prevalence in the UK Biobank participants. There were 29,826 people post-exclusion of individuals with hypertension, aortic stenosis, and phenocopies. Overall 34 people were identified to have maximum left ventricular wall thickness (MLVWTs) of 15 mm or more, for a prevalence of 0.11%; the prevalence was estimated to be 0.22% and 0.04% in male and in female participants, respectively. It is considered by the guidelines that MLVWT values of 15 mm or more in White people and 20 mm or more in Black persons are in favor of HCM than hypertensive heart disease. HCM prevalence was estimated to be 0.22% if inclusion of these participants happened irrespective of hypertension status. In this largest HCM prevalence study based on imaging, estimates of 0.11% to 0.22% were generated which are consistent with earlier reports; the gender-based disparity was evident in earlier investigations to a similar degree and might be in part explained by wall thickness not being adjusted to gender or body size. The age-related penetrance of HCM may be reflected by older ages. For the cases within 13 to 14 mm, the causative mechanism of left ventricular hypertrophy was not completely clear. A likely relevant contributor is environmental factors.