Duan JY, Duan GC, Wang CJ, et al. - In this cross-sectional survey, researchers assessed and updated the current prevalence of and risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in a central Chinese urban population. A total of 5,231 patients were randomly recruited from three communities in three districts of Zhengzhou from December 2017 to June 2018. Data reported that the overall adjusted CKD prevalence was 16.8% (15.8–17.8%) and that of DKD was 3.5% (3.0–4.0%). Decreased renal function was identified in 132 candidates, while albuminuria was observed in 858 candidates. The prevalence of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 6.3% and that of albuminuria was 45.3% in all participants with diabetes. In participants with diabetes, the overall prevalence of CKD was 48.0%. The outcomes of the binary and ordinal logistic regression showed that the factors independently linked to a higher risk of reduced eGFR and albuminuria were older age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia. The investigation demonstrates the current prevalence of CKD and DKD in residents of Central China. The high prevalence indicates an urgent need to introduce measures to ease China's high CKD and DKD burden.