Kawahara A, et al. - Researchers conducted this prospective, observational case series to determine the preoperative factors influencing refractive astigmatism after cataract surgery for astigmatism correction by toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and to assess the prediction model using these factors. Right eyes with preoperative total corneal astigmatism of 1.5 diopters (D) or more in magnitude and scheduled for phacoemulsification with implantation of non-toric IOLs met the inclusion criterion. Multivariate regression analysis showed that preoperative astigmatism was significantly associated with postoperative refractive astigmatism in both the vertical/horizontal and oblique components. The regression model can predict refractive astigmatism after implantation of a toric IOL more accurately than corneal astigmatism alone. Oblique astigmatism, on the other hand, is difficult to predict.