Chen L, et al. - Using three waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2008–2014), researchers examined how poverty is correlated with the risk of incident cognitive impairment in China. The Chinese version of the Mini Mental State Examination was undertaken to evaluate cognitive impairment. Based on the latest national poverty line settled at an annual per-capita income of 2,300 yuan (approximately equivalent to 1.25 dollars/day) in 2011 in China, they measured poverty. Over 6 years, the cumulative incidence of cognitive impairment was 30.69% (1,936/6,309). The elderly exhibited 34% increased risk of incident cognitive impairment in correlation to poverty after controlling behavioral factors and health status covariates. Subgroup analyses revealed higher poverty risks on incident cognitive impairment among participants who were male, lived in urban areas, and were married. Outcomes thereby provide empirical support for the ongoing discussion regarding the impacts of economic hardship on cognitive functioning and highlight the negative health risks that may affect economically disadvantaged individuals.