Ismail S, et al. - In this observational study including postoperative patients having major gynecological surgery from February 2016 to July 2016, researchers evaluated postoperative pain management practices with respect to efficacy as well as safety of these practices. For 154 patients reviewed, data was obtained on patient's demographics, postoperative analgesia modality, patient satisfaction, acute pain service assessment of numeric rating scale (NRS), number of breakthrough pains, number of rescue boluses, time required for the pain relief after rescue analgesia, and any complication for 48 h. In 91 (59.1%) patients who received postoperative analgesia with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, 42 (27%) who were given intravenous opioid infusion, and 21 (13.6%) patients who received epidural analgesia, NRS did not differ statistically significantly between different analgesic modalities. They concluded that overall organization of pain services, but not solely drugs and techniques, determined the adequacy of postoperative pain. However, patients receiving opioids had significantly higher incidence of nausea and vomiting.