Vail D, et al. - Researchers ascertained the relationship between arthrodesis and complication rates, costs, surgical revision, and postoperative opioid prescription in surgical management of lumbar spondylolisthesis. Findings suggested a correlation of arthrodesis with reduced likelihood of surgical revision and increased use of opioids in the first 2 months following surgery, but it was not related to greater or lesser opioid use beyond the initial 2 postoperative months. Even after accounting for patient characteristics and for whether patients underwent arthrodesis, geographic variation in opioid use is substantial.