Pampaka D, et al. - Researchers analyzed data collected in the TRansgenerational Assessment of Children’s Environmental Risk (TRACER) study in Kuwait to estimate the prevalence of postnatal depressive symptoms, identify any determinants, and compare risk factors between women who had experienced antenatal depressive symptoms vs those who did not. The 1348 women who answered the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) both antenatally and postnatally composed the study sample. Among participants, 11.7% experienced postnatal depressive symptoms, defined by an EPDS score ≥ 10. The strongest determinant of postnatal depressive symptoms was antenatal depressive symptoms. A multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the most significant risk factor for postnatal depressive symptoms in women with depressive symptoms during pregnancy was having a lower household income. Women without antenatal depressive symptoms had a greater risk for postnatal depressive symptoms if they had a lower income; were Kuwaitis; exhibited other problems in pregnancy such as perceived stress, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and social isolation; or delivered a boy. These findings emphasize the importance of screening for maternal mental health issues during pregnancy and providing appropriate support to decrease the risk of postnatal depression and its consequences.