Bhoyrul B, Asfour L, Lutz G, et al. - Patients with breast cancer who developed persistent chemotherapy-induced alopecia (pCIA) exhibited hair follicle miniaturization (the hallmark of androgenetic alopecia) as a prominent characteristic of pCIA. In pCIA cases, improved hair density can be achieved with recognized androgenetic alopecia treatments, including minoxidil and antiandrogen therapy.

• A case series in which patients (n=100) with a diagnosis of pCIA after chemotherapy for breast cancer were assessed retrospectively.

• Presence of diffuse nonscarring alopecia (n = 39), female pattern hair loss (n = 55), or male pattern hair loss (n = 6) was noted in most cases.

• More severe alopecia was evident with taxane-containing regimens (used for most patients 92%) vs regimens without taxanes.

• Trichoscopic signs indistinguishable from those of androgenetic alopecia were identified in 76 of 86 patients (88%).

• Biopsies were performed in 18 patients; of those, 14 had androgenetic alopecia–like features, 2 had cicatricial alopecia, and 2 had features of both.

• Improved hair density was evident with both topical and oral minoxidil, sometimes combined with antiandrogen therapy (median Sinclair grade, 4 [IQR, 3-5] prior to treatment vs 3 [IQR, 2-4] post-treatment; P < .001).