Graff V, Clapp JT, Heins SH, et al. - A qualitative study was conducted to define how preoperative consultations for primary knee arthroplasty arrived at decisions about primary anesthesia. Researchers conducted focused ethnography at a U.S. academic medical center. The results indicate that anesthesia consultations are multifaceted encounters that serve several functions. The involvement of individuals in ascertaining the anesthetic approach might not be the most important of these functions in some cases. The outcomes suggested that broad consideration should be given to both the applicability and feasibility of shared decision-making in anesthesia consultation. The findings reveal that potential advantages of interventions designed to enhance patient involvement in decision-making should be weighed against their potential to pull anesthesiologists’ attention away from important humanistic aspects of communication such as decreasing patients’ anxiety.