Namba RS, et al. - Experts sought to recognize the pre-operative factors related to increased opioid prescriptions following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Findings demonstrated an association of several pre-operative factors with prolonged opioid use following TKA and their identification could assist providers guide pain management. Younger age, liver disease, pre-operative NSAID use, anxiety, substance abuse, diabetes mellitus, pre-operative opioid use, back pain, congestive heart failure, depression, fibromyalgia, hypertension, non-specific chronic pain, black race, and chronic lung disease were the factors associated with greater opioid use. Authors suggested a consideration of avoidance or weaning of preoperative opioids.