Choko AT, Fielding K, Johnson CC, et al. - Researchers aimed at determining if secondary administration of HIV self-testing (HIVST) kits, with or without an additional financial incentive, via women receiving antenatal care (ANC) or via people newly diagnosed with HIV (ie, index patients) could aid in improving the proportion of male partners tested or the number of people newly diagnosed with HIV. In this three-arm, open-label, pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial of 27 health centers (clusters) across four districts of Malawi, they recruited women (aged ≥ 18 years) attending their first ANC visit and whose male partner was available, not already taking ART, and not already tested for HIV during this pregnancy (ANC cohort), and people (aged ≥ 18 years) with newly diagnosed HIV during routine clinic HIV testing who had at least one sexual contact not already known to be HIV-positive (index cohort). Using a public selection of computer-generated random allocations, they randomly allocated centers (1:1:1), to enhanced standard of care (including an invitation for partners to attend HIV testing services), HIVST only, or HIVST plus a US$10 financial incentive for retesting. As per outcomes, administration of HIVST kits in the ANC cohort, even when provided along with a financial incentive, did not link with identification of significantly more male patients with HIV when compared with standard care. However, out-of-clinic options for HIV testing seem more acceptable to many male partners of women with HIV, improving test uptake. Viewed in the current context, this method might aid in continuation of services despite COVID-19-related lockdowns.