Htay H, et al. - This study offers information regarding comparative outcomes among patients who suffered peritonitis caused by Corynebacterium vs other organisms. Furthermore, researchers assessed the impacts of type and duration of antibiotic therapy on outcomes of Corynebacterium peritonitis. Generally favorable outcomes were reported for Corynebacterium peritonitis vs other forms of peritonitis. Regardless of the type of initial antibiotic selected (vancomycin vs cefazolin) or the duration of antibiotic therapy (≤ 14 days vs > 14 days), no difference was evident in cure rates.

Methods

• Researchers, using Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA) data, included all PD patients who developed peritonitis in Australia between 2004 and 2014.
• Peritonitis cure by antibiotic therapy was the primary outcome and was defined as resolution of a peritonitis episode with antibiotics alone and without being complicated by recurrence, relapse, catheter removal, hemodialysis transfer, or death.
• Using multivariable logistic regression, they analyzed peritonitis outcomes.

Results

• This analysis included a total of 11,122 episodes of peritonitis in 5,367 patients.
• Of these, 162 episodes (1.5%) were ascribed to Corynebacterium.
• Findings demonstrated that compared with Corynebacterium peritonitis, the odds of cure were lower in peritonitis due to Staphylococcus aureus (odds ratio [OR] 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45 – 0.97), Pseudomonas (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14 – 0.33), other gram-negative organisms (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.35 – 0.75), fungi (OR 0.02, 95% CI 0.01 – 0.03), polymicrobial organisms (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.22 – 0.47), and other organisms (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.44 – 0.99) but similar for culture-negative and other gram-positive peritonitis.
• Data reported similar results for hemodialysis transfer and death.
• Researchers found no association of the outcomes of Corynebacterium peritonitis with the type of initial antibiotic selected (vancomycin vs cefazolin) or the duration of antibiotic therapy (≤ 14 days vs > 14 days).