Kim JY, et al. - Using Korean National Health Insurance claims data from 2002 to 2013, researchers conducted a population-based cohort study to investigate the impact of oral diabetes medication on the risk of dementia in the elderly. Participants in the study included subjects aged 60 years or older with and without type 2 diabetes. New-onset type 2 diabetes patients were further divided into the oral diabetes medication and no-medication groups. Over 11 years of follow-up, 56,587 of 278,290 patients with type 2 diabetes developed dementia. In combination therapy groups including dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor, an association with a lower risk of dementia was apparent. The three-drug combination of sulfonylurea, metformin, and DPP4 inhibitor was associated with a 63% reduced dementia risk vs the sulfonylurea monotherapy group. Overall, in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, the use of oral diabetes medication significantly reduced the risk of dementia.