Kleck CJ, et al. - Researchers ascertained a navigated, single-step, minimally invasive technique for minimally invasive placement of pedicle screws in the lumbar spine using O-arm and StealthStation navigation in combination. Using the 1- or 2-step technique, a total of 35 adult patients underwent lumbar surgery with pedicle screw placement. Placement of posterior spinal instrumentation using O-arm and StealthStation navigation with minimally invasive surgical technology is safe and effective. This procedure was seen to limit the radiation exposure.