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Obstetric anal sphincter injury after episiotomy in vacuum extraction: An epidemiological study using an emulated randomized trial approach

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Mar 19, 2021

Ankarcrona V, Zhao H, Jacobsson B, et al. - Researchers conducted a population‐based observational study emulating a randomized controlled trial in order to determine if the prevalence of obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) in nulliparous women delivered with vacuum extraction reduces in correlation with performing lateral or mediolateral episiotomy vs no episiotomy. Using the Swedish Medical Birth Register 2000–2011, they assessed a total of 63,654 nulliparous women delivered with vacuum extraction, with a live singleton baby with no known malformations in cephalic presentation in gestational week ≥ 34 +0, and subjected to lateral or mediolateral episiotomy or no episiotomy. Outcomes revealed reduced prevalence of OASIS in nulliparous women delivered with vacuum extraction when lateral or mediolateral episiotomy was conducted compared with those with no episiotomy.

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