Mu L, Liu J, Zhou G, et al. - Since China has seen a burgeoning obesity epidemic in recent decades, but few studies have reported on obesity across socio-demographic subgroups on a national scale, researchers sought to evaluate the prevalence and socio-demographic associations of obesity on a national scale. From 2014 to 2018, the China PEACE Million Persons Project assessed the prevalence of overall obesity (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m ²) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 85/90 cm for women/men) among 2.7 million community-dwelling adults aged 35 to 75 years and quantified the socio-demographic associations of obesity using multivariable mixed models. Data reported that age-standardized rates of overall and abdominal obesity were 14.4% and 32.7% in women and 16.0% and 36.6% in men. In China, more than 1 in every 7 people meets the criteria for overall obesity, and 1 in every 3 meets the criteria for abdominal obesity. There is a wide range of variations across socio-demographic subgroups. Obesity is associated with age and education, and the associations differ by gender. Understanding obesity in modern China has broad domestic policy implications and serves as a useful international reference.