Lin TY, et al. - Authors evaluated the effect of obesity on end-stage renal disease (ESRD; needing chronic dialysis treatment or pre-emptive renal transplantation) or all-cause mortality in patients with moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Study participants included 322 patients with stage III-V CKD who were not on dialysis and were prospectively followed for a median of 4.9 years. They used body mass index (BMI; ≥ 30) or body fat percentage (BF%; > 25% in men and > 35% in women) to define obesity. BF% was assessed with the use of the Body Composition Monitor, a multifrequency bioimpedance spectroscopy device. They observed a greater similarity in results when BMI and BF% were analyzed as continuous or time-dependent variables. Whereas higher BMI was protective, findings suggested an association of higher BF% with increased all-cause mortality. Overall, the investigators found that obesity did not confer an increased risk of ESRD in patients with moderate to advanced CKD.