Pilmis B, Jiang O, Mizrahi A, et al. - Researchers assessed how ceftriaxone and cefotaxime differ in their impact on the gut microbiota as they have different pharmacokinetic features despite sharing a similar antibacterial spectrum and similar indications. In this prospective clinical trial, 55 patients treated with intravenous ceftriaxone (1 g/24 h) or cefotaxime (1 g/8 h) for at least 3 days were included. Assessment of three fresh stool samples from each patient (days 0, 3, and 7 or at the end of intravenous treatment) suggested that the groups did not differ significantly in the emergence of third-generation cephalosporine-resistant Gram-negative enteric bacilli (Enterobacteriaceae), Enterococcus spp, or non-commensal microorganisms. In terms of emergence of resistance, no significant difference was seen between ceftriaxone and cefotaxime.