Setia N, Wanjari P, Yassan L, et al. - Researchers conducted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and correlated the molecular alterations with the histologic grade of dysplasia and immunohistochemical findings in a cohort of pyloric gland adenomas (PGAs). They conducted successful DNA extraction and sequencing in 15 pyloric gland adenomas/adenocarcinoma from 12 individuals. In the triad of APC, KRAS, and GNAS genes, ten PGAs with low-grade dysplasia were seen to have mutations. Five PGAs with high-grade dysplasia/adenocarcinoma showed mutations in several genes involving APC, CTNNB1, KRAS, GNAS, TP53, CDKN2A, PIK3CA, and EPHA5 genes but did not show mutations in the triad of APC, KRAS, and GNAS genes. Compared with PGAs with low-grade dysplasia, PGAs with high-grade dysplasia/adenocarcinoma had more chromosomal gains and losses. In PGAs, the molecular findings imply that there are 2 separate mutator pathways of dysplasia development.