Tuin J, et al. - In this multicenter randomized, controlled trial, researchers compared the safety and effectiveness of mycophenolate mofetil vs cyclophosphamide for the induction treatment of nonlife-threatening relapses of proteinase 3-ANCA– and myeloperoxidase-ANCA–associated vasculitis. Eighty-four participants, 41 of whom received mycophenolate mofetil and 43 received cyclophosphamide, were enlisted. Disease-free survival rates for cyclophosphamide at 2 and 4 years were 61% and 39%, respectively, and mycophenolate mofetil at 43% and 32%. The authors have not shown that mycophenolate mofetil is equally efficient in causing remission of relapsed ANCA-associated vasculitis as cyclophosphamide. However, for treating chosen patients with non-life-threatening relapses, mycophenolate mofetil may be an option to cyclophosphamide.