Lee DH, et al. - Given the case-control studies demonstrating a possible correlation of mushroom consumption with reduced risk of certain cancers, researchers undertook an epidemiologic study prospectively examining this association. They assessed mushroom consumption at baseline using a validated food frequency questionnaire in a prospective cohort of 68,327 women (Nurses' Health Study, 1986-2012) and 44,664 men (Health Professionals Follow-up Study, 1986-2012) who were free of cancer at baseline. During the follow-up, biennial questionnaires were used to assess the covariates. During up to 26 years of follow up, 22,469 incident cancer cases (15,103 in women and 7,366 in men) were documented. Findings revealed that mushroom consumption and total and site-specific cancers are not correlated in US women and men. However, mushroom consumption and risk of lung cancer had a marginally positive association.