Katzenstein HM, et al. - Researchers investigated the ability of two cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy for maintaining event-free survival in children with hepatoblastoma who had complete resection at diagnosis. To qualify the eligibility criteria, patients had to be younger than 21 years and had histologically confirmed, stage I or II hepatoblastoma without 100% pure fetal stage I or small-cell undifferentiated histology; elevated serum α-fetoprotein level (>100 ng/mL); a complete resection at diagnosis; at least 50% Karnofsky (patients >16 years) or Lansky (patients ≤16 years) performance status; and had received no previous chemotherapy or other hepatoblastoma-directed therapy. Eligible patients were administered two 21-day cycles of cisplatin, fluorouracil, and vincristine within 42 days of resection, that led to 4-year event-free survival of 92% and 5-year event-free survival of 88%. This led authors to conclude that disease control can be ensured in such patient populace by using minimal postoperative chemotherapy with two cycles of cisplatin, fluorouracil, and vincristine. For these children, dose reduction of ototoxic agents was a safe, effective treatment.