Hollis C, et al. - Given an observed correlation of prescribing methylphenidate with increased risk of psychotic events, particularly in young people with a history of psychosis, researchers examined if adolescents and young adults with and without a previously diagnosed psychotic disorder display the increased risk immediately following initiation of methylphenidate treatment or, in the longer term, 1 year after treatment initiation. Using population-based observational data from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register, the National Patient Register, and the Total Population Register, they identified individuals receiving methylphenidate treatment, and who were aged 12–30 years at the start of treatment. In contrast to clinical concerns, outcomes did not suggest an increased risk of psychotic events in adolescents and young adults in correlation with the initiation of methylphenidate treatment, including in those individuals with a history of psychosis. Findings are thereby reassuring for clinicians who are considering methylphenidate treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents and young adults and challenge the widely held view of avoiding or restricting methylphenidate use, in individuals with a history of psychosis.