De Nunzio C, et al. - Researchers examined how smoking, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and persistence of nocturia are associated in patients with moderate/severe nocturia (nocturia episodes ≥2), lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs), and benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). They analyzed 102 patients with a median age of 70 years (interquartile range: 65/73). In patients with LUTS-BPE, they noted increased the risk of moderate/severe persistent nocturia after TURP in correlation to MetS and smoking. Despite the requirement for confirmation, results justify counseling smokers and MetS patients about the risk of postoperative persistent nocturia.