Jeziorny K, et al. - In children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), researchers evaluated the usefulness of new methods such as pachymetry, transorbital ultrasonography (USG) and optical coherent tomography (OCT) study in the measuring the risk of cerebral edema (CE) occurrence. Study participants were 50 children with newly diagnosed T1D, 54 patients with long-term T1D as a reference group, and 40 children without glucose tolerance disorders as controls. In pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes, transorbital USG and pachymetry might potentially be promising methods for the non-invasive evaluation of increased risk of CE development. In addition, a positive association was found between the retinal nerve fiber layer and Na⁺ levels.