Spaide RF - Researcher conducted this retrospective study to investigate the structural and angiographic optical coherence tomography data of the macula from controls, patients with diabetes, and patients with glaucoma to assess neurovascular and structural associations. The study sample consisted of 89 eyes from 49 patients in a community-based retinal referral practice with diabetes, glaucoma, and normal controls. In both the diabetic and glaucoma groups, the mean ganglion cell layer volumes were significantly lower than the control group. While there are significant variations in the pathogenesis of disease between diabetes and glaucoma, they share some similarities in eventually generated structural and angiographic abnormalities. This suggests that a component of both could represent the neurodegenerative disease in addition to canonical disease pathways, offering the opportunity to develop new treatments.