Afroz KF, et al. - Given that a contributing link between maternal elevated salt intake and offspring autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been supported by several lines of evidence, therefore, researchers undertook this review to address recent findings on high salt consumption, gut microbiome, and immune system dysregulation while suggesting a hypothesis to connect maternal overconsumption of salt and children’s ASD. A significant influence of elevated salt intake on the immune system and gut microbiome, often causing gut dysbiosis and induction of pro-inflammatory pathways, has been suggested in more recent data. Particularly, a change in the gut microbiome is brought about by high salt intake, in addition to causing the differentiation of T helper-17 cells that generate pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-17 and interleukin-23. Moreover, a decreased differentiation of regulatory T cells that assist in maintaining a balanced immune system was seen as a result of high salt. Overactivation of M1 pro-inflammatory macrophages and downregulation of M2 regulatory macrophages can be induced by high salt in the innate immune system. Since the excessive intake of salt is a documented worldwide problem, these alterations to the immune system are alarming.