Wang Y, et al. - In this systematic review and meta-analysis, researchers evaluated lung fluid biomarkers connected to acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis and mortality. In total, they identified 1,156 articles and included 49 studies which suggested the biomarkers with the strongest association with acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis were increases in total phospholipases A2 activity, total protein, albumin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products, and platelet activating factor-acetyl choline. The lung fluid of patients who died displayed significantly increased interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, Kerbs von Lungren-6, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, making these the biomarkers associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome mortality. Increased odds for acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis were evident with decreased levels of Club cell protein and matrix metalloproteinases-9, while increased odds for acute respiratory distress syndrome mortality were noted with decreased levels of Club cell protein and interleukin-2. These biomarkers may assist in improving acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis and outcome prediction.