Ghosh T, Chen Y, Dietz AC, et al. - Lung cancer risk was elevated in survivors of childhood cancer vs the general population, and the greatest risk was exhibited by survivors who underwent chest radiotherapy or with primary diagnoses of Hodgkin lymphoma or bone cancer.

• Using the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort, lung cancer was studied as a subsequent malignant neoplasm (SMN).

• This study included 25,654 five-year survivors, diagnosed with childhood cancer (<21 years).

• A lung SMN developed in 42 survivors [standardized incidence ratios (SIR) 4.0] with a cumulative incidence of 0.16% at 30 years from diagnosis.

• Chest radiation doses of 10-30 Gy [hazard ratios (HR) 3.4], >30-40 Gy (HR 4.6) and >40 Gy (HR 9.1) were found to be related to lung SMN, with a monotone dose trend (p-trend<0.001).

• The greatest risk for lung SMN was observed in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma (SIR 9.3) and bone cancer (SIR 4.4).