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Lung‐specific risk factors associated with incident hip fracture in current and former smokers

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Aug 08, 2020

Bon J, Nouraie SM, Smith KJ, et al. - Considering that hip fractures in smokers with lung disease are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, but whether lung-specific factors are associated with fracture risk is unclear, researchers ascertained if lung‐specific factors correlated with incident hip fracture and improve risk discrimination of traditional fracture risk models in smokers. The research consisted of a convenience sample of 9,187 current and former smokers (58,477 participant follow‐up years) partaking in the Genetic Epidemiology of COPD longitudinal observational cohort study. Between 2008 and 2011, participants were recruited with follow‐up data collection through July 2018. Age, female sex, osteoporosis, prevalent spine and hip fracture, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes are traditional risk factors associated with incident hip fracture. The presence of emphysema, the 6-minute walk distance, and the total number of exacerbations added to traditional models enhanced risk discrimination. Such results indicate that integrating lung‐specific risk factors into fracture risk assessment tools will more reliably predict fracture risk in smokers.

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