Oliveira T, et al. - By performing this longitudinal prospective multicenter investigation, researchers assessed the link between body cell mass index (BCMI) and nutritional parameters, and its association with long-term survival among hemodialysis (HD) patients. A cohort including patients in HD was followed for 24 months. Experts assessed clinical parameters of 2,527 patients (mean age 70.3 ± 14.6 years, 55.8% male) as well as their body composition parameters, employing a body composition monitor prior to the HD session. Higher age, dialysis adequacy, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, relative overhydration, CRP, fat tissue index and lower normalized protein equivalent of nitrogen appearance, albumin, serum creatinine, creatinine index, potassium, phosphorus, calcium/phosphorus product, lean tissue index and BMI, were seen in patients with a BCMI < 6.4 kg/m². G1 patients (BCMI < 6.4 kg/m²; n = 1,366) demonstrated a significantly higher mortality risk in the Cox regression analysis. A low BCMI served as a mortality predictor and was related to worse nutritional parameters among patients undergoing HD.