Jiang H, Robinson DL, Lee PVS, et al. - Since prophylactic oophorectomy is recommended for women at high risk for ovarian cancer, but the related effect on bone health is of clinical concern, researchers conducted this prospective study to examine bone health in women following premenopausal oophorectomy. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), and pQCT-based finite element analysis (pQCT-FEA) have been used to evaluate bone health between systemic hormone therapy (HT) users and non-users after premenopausal risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (RRBSO) vs premenopausal controls over 24-month follow-up. The mean age for the surgery group was 42.4 ± 2.6 years (n = 30) and for controls was 40.2 ± 6.3 years (n = 42), and baseline bone measures were comparable between groups. This prospective, controlled study of bone health following RRBSO or premenopausal oophorectomy showed substantial loss of bone density and bone strength after RRBSO. HT prevented the loss of bone density and bone stiffness, although the lumbar spine aBMD in HT users also showed a modest decrease. Following premenopausal oophorectomy, such findings may inform decision-making about RRBSO and clinical management.