Ousdal OT, Kaufmann T, Kolskår K, et al. - Experts obtained structural and resting-state functional MRI data at two time points separated by 2–3 years in 75 middle-aged and older adults in order to evaluate the long-term stability of the functional connectome. It was exhibited that in middle and elderly age the connectome backbone usually continues to be stable over a 2–3 years period. Irrespective of age, cortical volume was related to the connectome stability of various canonical resting-state networks, implying that the connectome backbone correlates to structural properties of the cortex. Further, the individual longitudinal stability of subcortical and default mode networks was related to individual variations in cross-sectional and longitudinal measures of episodic memory performance, giving fresh evidence for the significance of these networks in sustaining mnemonic processing in middle and elderly age. In conclusion, the findings promotes the use of within-subject connectome stability analyses to better understand individual variations in brain function and cognition in aging.