Du E, et al. - In this prospective cohort study, authors compared 10-year overall survival (OS) rates for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with human papillomavirus (HPV) status vs population-based controls to assess the influence of site, stage, p16, smoking, and HPV status on long-term survival. They observed different overall survival rates between regions, with p16+ oropharynx having the most desirable prognosis (87%), followed by oral cavity (69%), larynx (67%), p16− oropharynx (56%), and hypopharynx (51%). They also noted the hazard ratio (HR) for death in p16+ oropharynx subjects: 1.5 for smokers and 2.4 for nonsmokers vs controls when matched on smoking status. In the same manner, they also recorded HR for death in non–HPV-associated HNSCC (2.2 for smokers and 2.4 for nonsmokers). Overall, they suggested site, stage, smoking, and p16 status as significant prognostic factors for HNSCC.