Du E, Mazul AL, Farquhar D, et al. - Since literature examining long-term survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with human papillomavirus (HPV) status is lacking, researchers used Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models to compare 10-year overall survival (OS) rates for cases to population-based controls. Cases have been compared with age-matched, noncancer controls with stratification by p16 and smoking status. According to this prospective cohort study, 10-year OS for HNSCC is less than controls. OS for HNSCC cases, even after stratification by p16 and smoking status, continues to decline 5 years after treatment. Significant factors are site, stage, smoking, and p16 status. These data provide important information about HNSCC's prognosis.