Crowell AL, Riva-Posse P, Holtzheimer PE, et al. - Using an open-label, long-term follow-up design, researchers investigated participants enrolled in a clinical trial of deep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate (SCC DBS) for treatment-resistant depression. Twenty-eight patients (20 with major depressive disorder and seven with bipolar II disorder; one patient in the major depression subgroup was later reclassified as having bipolar II disorder) who were receiving SCC DBS for 4–8 years were assessed for the long-term outcome data. Response rates were maintained at ≥ 50% and remission rates at ≥ 30%, through years 2–8 of the follow-up period. SCC DBS led to a robust and sustained antidepressant response among most participants in > 8 years of observation. They identified the procedure as generally safe. The participants well-tolerated the procedure and experienced no side effects of acute or chronic stimulation. No suicides were reported.