Crowell AL, Riva-Posse P, Holtzheimer PE, et al. - Using an open-label, long-term follow-up design, researchers examined participants enrolled in a clinical trial of deep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate (SCC DBS) for treatment-resistant depression to assess the long-term outcome data. Data of 28 patients (20 with major depressive disorder and seven with bipolar II disorder; one patient in the major depression subgroup was later reclassified as having bipolar II disorder) who were receiving SCC DBS for 4–8 years was analyzed identifying maintenance of response and remission rates at ≥ 50% and ≥ 30%, respectively. They identified the procedure as generally safe and well-tolerated, with no side effects of acute or chronic stimulation.