Hollanders JJ, et al. - Using the data from the Project on Preterm and Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants (POPS) cohort, researchers ascertained if neurodevelopmental and functional outcomes at the age of 19 years differ in very preterm (VP; ie, a gestational age [GA] of < 32 weeks) and/or very low birth weight (VLBW; ie, a birth weight [BW] < 1,500 g) subjects. Nine hundred fifty-nine of the 1,338 subjects were alive at the age of 19, and 705 of them (73.5 %) were successfully followed up. Participants were classified as VP+/VLBW+ (n = 354), VP+/VLBW– (n = 144), or VP–/VLBW+ (n = 207). Investigators found that subjects born VP+/VLBW+, VP+/VLBW–, and VP-/VLBW+ at the age of 19 years have different neurodevelopmental and functional outcomes, although small effect sizes. The terms VP and VLBW are therefore not interchangeable. They recommended that inclusion in future studies be based on GA rather than BW in premature populations, at least for industrialized countries.