Shaahinfar A, et al. - Researchers investigated the risk of mortality among children surviving to hospital discharge after firearm and non-firearm assault vs survivors of unintentional trauma. In addition, they clarified factors linked with long-term mortality following pediatric trauma. In this multicenter, retrospective cohort study, they recruited pediatric patients aged 0 to 16 years who presented to the three trauma centers in San Francisco and Alameda counties, CA between January 2000 and December 2009 following a firearm assault, non-firearm assault, and unintentional trauma. Outcomes revealed increased long-term mortality for children and adolescents who survive assault (including by firearm) vs those who survive unintentional, non-violent trauma. Independent risk factors for long-term mortality included adolescent age, male sex, Black race/ethnicity, and public insurance.