Guttmann A, Blackburn R, Amartey A, et al. - Considering the rapid increase in the number of women who use opioids during pregnancy, which frequently results in their infants having signs of withdrawal, called neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and considering pregnancy as an opportunity to differentiate mothers who may require addiction services and other support to promote their health and that of their families, researchers determined all-cause mortality rate among women whose infants had NAS in the years following birth compared with other mothers in both Canada and England. Using linked administrative health data, they developed parallel cohorts of mother–infant dyads in England and Ontario between 2002 and 2012. From England and Ontario, 13,577 and 4,966 mothers of infants with NAS and 4,205,675 and 929,985 control mothers, respectively, comprised study population. Findings suggested that mothers with NAS infants were more likely to live in poverty than mothers with infants without NAS, have other mental health and addiction problems, and have their infants in out-of-home care. At 10 years after birth, 5.1% of English mothers with NAS infants and 4.6% of Ontarians had died, compared with 0.4% of mothers whose infants had no NAS in both countries. This means that the risk of death associated with prenatal opioid use is 11-12 times higher. Many deaths in mothers with NAS infants are caused by avoidable causes like intentional and unintentional injuries. Clinicians will ensure that infant mothers with NAS seek services that are available to improve their wellbeing.