Boswell MR, Moman RN, Burtoft M, et al. - This systematic review was performed with the aim to determine how lidocaine affects postoperative pain scores and recovery after cardiac surgery. Researchers conducted a comprehensive database search identifying 947 records for screening for eligibility after removal of duplicates; the inclusion criteria were met by 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Administration of lidocaine was performed intravenously, topically, and intrapleurally. Following were the key findings: [1] Topical placement of 2% lidocaine on chest tube prior to intraoperative insertion was linked with significantly reduced pain scores and lower cumulative doses of fentanyl; and [2] Intrapleural administration of 2% lidocaine was linked with significantly reduced pain scores and significant improvements in pulmonary mechanics. In view of the favorable risk profile of topical lidocaine and the necessity for further advancements in the postoperative care of adults after cardiac surgery, researchers herein suggest considering topically administered lidocaine for incorporation into established postoperative recovery protocols.