Jirge PR, et al. - The effect of latent genital tuberculosis (GTB) on ovarian reserve was explored in infertile women. Researchers noted lower ovarian reserves and lower numbers of oocyte yield in IVF in association with latent GTB among these women.

Methods

• From February 2013 to January 2016, researchers performed this prospective study comparing 431 infertile women diagnosed with latent GTB (Group I) to 453 infertile women without latent GTB (Group II).
• At Shreyas Hospital, Kolhapur, India, a tertiary referral centre for infertility, this study was performed.
• Both groups had women with 21–38 years of age.
• Infertile women with proven tubal patency but with latent GTB (diagnosed by DNA PCR testing of an endometrial biopsy) comprised the group I.
• Both groups were examined for day 2–4 anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC).
• Antituberculosis therapy (ATT) was received by all women with latent GTB.
• In both groups, they noted gonadotropin dosages and oocyte and embryo details for those who underwent IVF.

Results

• Group I was including relatively younger women(29.8 ± 4.4 years vs. 30.8 ± 4.5 years; P = 0.003) and women having significantly lower AMH following adjustment for age [Median (IQR): 2 (0.9, 4.1) ng/ml vs 2.8 (1.3, 5) ng/ml; P=0.01] and AFC [Median (IQR): 7 (5, 11) vs 8 (5, 14); P < 0.001].
• Women with latent GTB post ATT vs those in Group II yielded fewer oocytes (9.3 ± 7.6 vs. 10.9 ± 8.1; P= 0.01), but had more grade I embryos transferred (1.1 ± 0.5 vs. 0.89 ± 1.0; P=0.001) and a better implantation rate (26.8% vs. 17.5%; P=0.004) in IVF.
• Group I vs Group II displayed a higher pregnancy rate (51.6% vs. 40.5%; P=0.001) through various treatment modalities.
• In view of the adequacy of the sample size and use of robust ovarian reserve markers, researchers suggested minimal role of chance.