Prasad N, Jabbar PK, Jayakumari C, et al. - Utilizing a commercially available second-generation electrochemiluminiscence immunoassay (ECLIA), researchers sought to determine the upper limit of normal (97.5th percentile) for late-night salivary cortisol (LNSC) in an Asian Indian population. LNSC in apparently healthy community-dwelling people was evaluated by multistage cluster sampling. Healthy individuals aged 18 to 60 years were studied from 8 urban and 8 rural clusters in the district of Thiruvananthapuram. Thirty individuals from each cluster from an approximate population of 1,000 enrolled in the experiment. Between 11 p.m. and 12 midnight, a saliva sample was collected and analyzed using Roche COBAS-e-411 and ultrasensitive Cortisol II kits the next day. After removal of inappropriately obtained samples, cortisol values from 474 salivary samples were available for final examination. This study establishes for the first time the normal value of LNSC estimated by ECLIA of second generation in healthy community-dwelling Asian Indian people. In the general population of Asian Indians, salivary cortisol is less than 0.25μg/dL (6.89 nmol/L) at 11 p.m. to 12 a.m. Menopause triggers a substantial rise in LNSC, which if not properly interpreted, may lead to overdiagnosis of CS.