Suh E, Stratton KL, Leisenring WM, et al. - By performing this retrospective cohort analysis, named Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, along with longitudinal follow-up of 5-year survivors diagnosed with cancer prior to the age of 21 years, researchers assessed chronic health conditions as well as all-cause and cause-specific mortality in survivors of early-adolescent and young adult cancer. This inquiry was undertaken at 27 academic institutions in the USA and Canada. They determined results among survivors of early-adolescent and young adult cancer (aged 15–20 years at diagnosis) and survivors diagnosed at age younger than 15 years (matched on primary cancer diagnosis, including leukaemia, lymphoma, CNS tumours, neuroblastoma, Wilms tumour, soft-tissue sarcomas, and bone cancer) by contrasting both groups to siblings of the same age. Findings revealed higher risks of death and severe and life threatening chronic health conditions among early-adolescent and young adult cancer survivors vs the general population. However, lower non-recurrent, health-associated standardised mortality ratios and relative risks of developing grade 3–5 chronic health conditions were seen in early-adolescent and young adult cancer survivors vs childhood cancer survivors, by contrasting with siblings of the same age, which were most striking more than 20 years following their original cancer. Findings call for long-term screening of both childhood as well as early-adolescent and young adult cancer survivors.