van Ballegooijen AJ, et al. - Researchers investigated the association of both vitamins D and K status, and vitamin D treatment with all-cause mortality and death-censored graft failure among 461 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs; mean age 52 ± 12 years) from a single-centre study at median 6.1 years after transplantation. Low vitamins D and K status were noted in 122 KTRs (26%) indicating a high prevalence of combined vitamins D and K deficiency. These deficiencies were noted to be associated with increased mortality and graft failure risk compared with high vitamins D and K status. They noted a strong association of low vitamin K status with an increased risk of premature mortality and graft failure for patients treated with vitamin D vs no vitamin D treatment.