Alkandarib MH, et al. - The findings revealed that men with severe oligozoospermia are unlikely to require a bilateral testicular exploration at microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE). The results demonstrate that most cryptozoospermic men will have a successful sperm retrieval by micro-TESE with the majority of these individuals needing a unilateral exploration. In contrast, a bilateral micro-TESE will be required for over 50% of the men with nonobstructive azoospermia.

• It has been reported that unilateral testicular exploration resulted in successful sperm retrieval in 43% (75/173), 79% (34/43), and 100% (17/17) of men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA), cryptozoospermia, and severe oligozoospermia respectively.

• Thus, there is a need for bilateral micro-TESE in 57%, 21%, and none of the men with NOA, cryptozoospermia, and severe oligozoospermia, respectively.

• It was shown that micro-TESE resulted in successful sperm retrieval in 52% (90/173), 91% (39/43), and 100% (17/17) of men with NOA, cryptozoospermia, and severe oligozoospermia respectively.