Tang J, Churilov L, Tan CO, et al. - Researchers investigated how the addition of intrathecal morphine (ITM) to a standardized enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol with multimodal analgesia affects postoperative opioid use and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing open liver resection. Among 216 retrospectively analyzed adult patients undergoing open liver resection, 125 patients received ITM (ITM group) and 91 patients received usual care (UC group). The addition of ITM to conventional multimodal analgesic strategies led to reduction in postoperative opioid requirements and improvement in analgesia for 24 h after surgery among patients undergoing open liver resection, with no statistically significant differences in opioid-related complications, and length of hospital stay. For patients receiving ITM, significantly higher hospital costs were reported, indicative of a longer mandatory stay in intensive care.