Avettand-Fenoel V, Lechenadec J, Diallo MS, et al. - Researchers conducted the study for comparing HIV reservoirs in children (5-12 years) and adolescents (13-17 years) who began combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) before 6 months (early (E-)group) or after 2 years old (late (L-)group). The ANRS-EP59-CLEAC study prospectively recruited 76 HIV-1 perinatally-infected patients who attained HIV-RNA<400 copies/mL less than 24 months after cART initiation, irrespective of subsequent viral suppression (E-group: 27 children, 9 adolescents; L-group: 19 children, 21 adolescents). In early-treated patients, overall HIV-DNA levels were lower than in late-treated patients. The low reservoir has been independently correlated with treatment precocity, protective HLA and low cumulative viremia since cART initiation. Early cART contributes to a smaller blood HIV reservoir until adolescence, but all participants tested had an inducible reservoir. For HIV remission strategies, this deserves careful consideration.