Ellis JH, et al. - Through a retrospective hypothesis-generating study, the researchers intended to investigate if clinical factors historically correlated with contrast material–causative kidney injury (contrast-induced nephrotoxicity [CIN]) elevated risk following the use of IV iodinated low-osmolality contrast material (LOCM) in individuals with stage IIIb–V chronic kidney disease. For modulation of CIN risk, historical risk factors including diabetes mellitus, age more than 60 years, hypertension, loop diuretic use, hydrochlorothiazide use, and cardiovascular disease were assessed. For post-CT acute kidney injury in cases with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m², overall IV LOCM was an independent risk factor, however, it was not for those with an eGFR of 30–44 mL/min/1.73 m². The tested covariates could not markedly alter the risk of CIN in patients with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m². The risk of CIN developed in those with cardiovascular disease, in patients with an eGFR of 30–44 mL/min/1.73 m². Further, the other tested cofactors had no meaningful influence. Hence, when eGFR was less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m², CIN was discovered. Moreover, in those with an eGFR of 30–44 mL/min/1.73 m², CIN was not seen with LOCM alone but was found in the presence of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, other cofactors that were historically considered to elevate the CIN risk did not raise the risk of CIN.