Chen J, et al. - Among 1,359 CRIC Study (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) participants with apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (ATRH) and 2,008 hypertensive participants without, researchers examined the link between inflammation and ATRH and its complications in chronic kidney disease patients. The accepted definition for ATRH was blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg while taking ≥3 antihypertensive medications or blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg while taking ≥4 medications. Cross-sectional links between inflammatory biomarkers and ATRH were assessed using logistic regression adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical risk factors and treatments. Findings revealed an independent association of higher levels of IL-6 and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) and lower levels of TGF-β(transforming growth factor-β), with odds of ATRH. In patients with chronic kidney disease, improved blood pressure control could be achieved by targeting specific inflammatory pathways.